Self determination ap human geography - An area organized into a political unity and ruled by an established government that has control over its internal and foreign affairs (Synonym: country) *A good example of a formal or uniform region. *Largest is Russia. Sovereignty. Independence (obtained by a state) from control of its internal affairs by other states.

 
Definition: Identity with a group of people that share distinct physical and mental traits as a product of common heredity and cultural traditions. Example: Caucasian. Application: An ethnicity is an identity with a group based off of physical and mental trait. Not to be confused with Nationality. Multiethnic State.. Foolpercent27s paradise showtimes near cinemark colonel glenn and xd

A1. Fall of, end, or breakup of the Soviet Union A2. Fall of or end of communism in Europe *Do not accept fall of or end of communism in the world or globally. A3. End of the Cold War A4. Fall of the Berlin Wall or Iron Curtain; reunification of Germany A5. Fall of, end of, or breakup of Yugoslavia A6. Break-up of Czechoslovakia A7. Colonialism is when a more powerful country attempts to assert its power and influence over a weaker country. Self-determination is the process by which a country determines its own statehood and forms its own allegiances and governments. Sovereignty is the authority of a state to govern itself. A form of multi-ethnic state, that contains two ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities. Centripetal Force. An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state. (Example: Nationalism) "directed toward the center".AP Human Geography 2001 Free-Response Questions These materials were produced by Educational Testing Service (ETS), which develops and administers the examinations of the Advanced Placement Program for the College Board. The College Board and Educational Testing Service (ETS) are dedicated to the principle of equal opportunity, and their May 27, 2019 · Self-determination theory is a psychological framework for understanding human motivation. It was developed by psychologists Richard Ryan and Edward Deci and grew out of research on intrinsic motivation, or the internal desire to do something for its own sake, not for an external reward. Self-determination theory states that people are driven ... This AP® Human Geography study guide will explore those forces that divide (centrifugal) or unify (centripetal) a country. We will define centrifugal and centripetal forces and how they can originate in political, economic or cultural dimensions. We will also discuss why these two forces are vital to the survival of the state.Step 1: 2.5 hours. Step 2: 1 hour. Step 3: 2 hours. Step 4: 2.5 hours. It should take approximately eight hours to study for the AP Human Geography exam. Of course, you can always extend the time you spend reviewing content if you're rusty on a bunch of different topics or just want to be extra thorough.Step 2: Understand the Exam Format. Another important thing to keep in mind is getting familiar with the structure of the AP® Human Geography exam. In case you do not know the AP® Human Geography format, this study guide breaks it down. The AP® Human Geography exam is broken down into two major parts.5. 3 Caucasus States: Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. Describe the composition and distributions of ethnicities in Russia. Russia comprises 81% ethnic Russians, and the government recognizes 38 ethnic groups among the remaining 19%. The ethnicities are clustered in two principle locations.See full list on library.fiveable.me The study of the effects of geography on politics and relations among states/countries. Territoriality. A willingness by one person or a group of people to defend space they claim. People express their territoriality when they influence others or shape events by asserting control over a space. semi-autonomous Region. AP Human Geography Unit 4 Review quiz for 10th grade students. ... a country that contains more than one ethnicity with traditions of self-determination. Multi-Ethnic ...a geographical feature on land such as a valley, defile or a bridge, or at sea such as a straight which an armed force is forced to pass, therefore greatly decreasing its combat, in order to reach its objective. City-State. a sovereign state that comprises a town and the surrounding countryside. Colonialism. attempt by one country to establish ...Terms in this set (28) Define Nation State. State whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity. The concept of dividing the world into independent nation-state is ____________________. recent. Define Irredentism. states claimed territory based on cultural, ethnic or historical ties. Define ethnonationalism. Verified answer. business math. Find the base. 4 \% 4% of \underline {\qquad} is 11.2 11.2. Verified answer. business math. Arami's car left three skid marks on the road after she slammed her foot on the brake pedal to make an emergency stop. The police measured them to be 45 feet, 40 feet, and 44 feet.Terms in this set (49) A cultures assumptions about the differences between men and women: their characters, the roles they play in society, what they represent. We first define the "other" and then we define ourselves as "not the other." Identity with a group of people descended from a common ancestor.Concept 1: Self Determination. Self determination is the process by which an country determines its own statehood and forms its own allegiances and government. So, the country breaks away from where it was attached to before and governs itself. An example of this concept in a non-geographical idea is in the book, Lord of the Flies, where ...A country that is run according to the interests of the ruler rather than the people. A condition of roughly equal strengths between opposing countries or alliances of countries. An invisible line than marks the extent of a state's territory. A sovereign state comprises a city and it's immediately surrounding country side. Explanation (1 point) 7 Points: 1 + 2 + (2 + 2) Identify the predominant ranges of the infant mortality rate found in South Asia and western Europe. Must identify both for 1 point. South Asia: 30–59 and western Europe: 2–14 Describe TWO economic reasons for the level of the infant mortality rates in western Europe.The right of a people to self-determination [1] is a cardinal principle in modern international law (commonly regarded as a jus cogens rule), binding, as such, on the United Nations as authoritative interpretation of the Charter 's norms. [2] [3] It states that peoples, based on respect for the principle of equal rights and fair equality of ... AP Human Geography Ethnicity Answers Ethnicity is identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth. It stands as our strongest bulwark for the preservation of local diversity.self-determination 29.L a n dl ock e state sth i mp yur b the land of other states, which gives it a disadvantage in terms of accessibility to and from international trade routes 30. L awof the sbl i ngr d responsibilities concerning the ownership and use of the earth's seas and oceans and their resources. Barron's AP Human Geography - Unit 4Self-determination theory is a psychological framework for understanding human motivation. It was developed by psychologists Richard Ryan and Edward Deci and grew out of research on intrinsic motivation, or the internal desire to do something for its own sake, not for an external reward. Self-determination theory states that people are driven ...Ethnicity. The identity with a group of people that share distinct physical and mental traits as a product of a common heredity and cultural traditions (e.g. Native Americans) Multi-Ethnic State. A state that contains more than one ethnicity. Race. The identity with a group of people that descended from a common ancestor (e.g. African Americans)Dec 14, 2020 · Need help reviewing for AP HUG?! Check out the AP Human Geography Ultimate Review Packet! A Packet made by Mr. Sinn to help you succeed not only on the AP Te... The ways in which cultural groups make decisions, settle conflicts, and govern themselves. Territory. An area which is under the control of another state or government and does not have sovereignty. State. A country or an organized political organization and has sovereignty. Sovereignty. Supreme power or authority. May 27, 2019 · Self-determination theory is a psychological framework for understanding human motivation. It was developed by psychologists Richard Ryan and Edward Deci and grew out of research on intrinsic motivation, or the internal desire to do something for its own sake, not for an external reward. Self-determination theory states that people are driven ... a nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government. Have a sovereignty. Synonym for Country. Ex: Denmark, Japan. Nation. A group of people that has a common ancestry regardless of it controlling a territory; an ethnic concept. Ex: The Jewish nation, Native Americans. City-States.self-determination. A principle of international law that states that peoples, based on respect for the principle of equal rights and fair equality of opportunity, have the right to freely choose their sovereignty and international political status with no interference. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. A peace treaty signed on March 3, 1918, between ... • limited self-determination 2a. Autonomous regions were created to increase local control of ... AP Human Geography Scoring Guidelines from the 2019 Exam ...A1. Describe one or more of the following: finance, insurance, real estate, retailing, wholesaling, communications, transportation, administrative, management, health care, media, education, governance, tourism and leisure, food and hospitality, accounting, legal, technology, architecture, or engineering A2. For AP Human Geography. Term. Definition. Ethnicity. A group who share a common identity. Was used as an alternative to term for race. It not just physical characteristics, it also about the person's social and cultural identity. Often illustrated through music, art, or religious traditions. Ethnic Provinces. Verified answer. finance. Explain the close parallel between a capital lease and the borrow–purchase decision from the viewpoint of both the balance sheet and the income statement. Verified answer. business math. Evaluate the expression. (14-7)^2-3 \cdot 8 (14−7)2 −3⋅8. Verified answer. Need help reviewing for AP HUG?! Check out the AP Human Geography Ultimate Review Packet! A Packet made by Mr. Sinn to help you succeed not only on the AP Te...Explanation (1 point) 7 Points: 1 + 2 + (2 + 2) Identify the predominant ranges of the infant mortality rate found in South Asia and western Europe. Must identify both for 1 point. South Asia: 30–59 and western Europe: 2–14 Describe TWO economic reasons for the level of the infant mortality rates in western Europe. 1. fear that other ethnicities would also declare independence from Russia if Russia loses to Chechnya. 2. Chechnya is resource rich, has many deposits of petroleum. Political stability is key to economic prosperity and investment by foreign petroleum companies. What's the main problem in the Caucasus region?AP Human Geography 2001 Free-Response Questions These materials were produced by Educational Testing Service (ETS), which develops and administers the examinations of the Advanced Placement Program for the College Board. The College Board and Educational Testing Service (ETS) are dedicated to the principle of equal opportunity, and their Apartheid. Laws (no longer in effect) in South Africa that physically separated different races into different geographic areas. A apartheid promoted segregation. Balkanization. Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities. The Ottoman Empire went through the process of Balkanization. Balkanized. Self-Determination. Concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves. Sharecropper. ... AP Human Geography Chapter 6 Test Review. 35 terms. naj_johnson.AP Human Geography Unit 4 Review quiz for 10th grade students. ... a country that contains more than one ethnicity with traditions of self-determination. Multi-Ethnic ...See full list on library.fiveable.me In his Fourteen Points —the essential terms for peace—U.S. Pres. Woodrow Wilson listed self-determination as an important objective for the postwar world; the result was the fragmentation of the old Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman empires and Russia’s former Baltic territories into a number of new states. AP Human Geography Unit 2 practice test. 4.3 (8 reviews) According to the US Committee for Refugees, the three largest groups of international refugees are. A) Vietnamese, Indian and Indonesian. B) Sudanese, South African and Colombian. C) Ethiopian, Nicaraguan, and Somalian. D) Mexican, Pakistani, and Colombian. E) Palestinian, Iraqi, and Afghan.AP Human Geography Help » Political Organization of Space » Challenges to Political-Territorial Arrangements » Supranationalism & International Alliances Example Question #243 : Ap Human GeographyDefinition: Identity with a group of people that share distinct physical and mental traits as a product of common heredity and cultural traditions. Example: Caucasian. Application: An ethnicity is an identity with a group based off of physical and mental trait. Not to be confused with Nationality. Multiethnic State.A political term that refers to a country which is formally independent, but under heavy influence or control by another country. -States of former Soviet Union Self-determinationVerified answer. psychology. Parkinson's disease is specifically associated with low levels of the neurotransmitter _______________. Verified answer. marketing. U.S. television inspires knockoffs around the world. But to be fair, many U.S. viewers don't realize that U.S. reality show hits such as Big Brother and American Idol started out as ...Definition:the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation. Example: United States. Geopolitics. Definition:the study of the effects of economic geography on the powers of the state. Example: border conflicts. Regionalism. Definition:loyalty to the interests of a particular region.AP Human Geography Ethnicity & Political Geography. Term. 1 / 34. Nationalism. Click the card to flip 👆. Definition. 1 / 34. A devotion to the interests and culture of one's nation, shared over common history, culture, but not necessarily political history. Click the card to flip 👆. 1. fear that other ethnicities would also declare independence from Russia if Russia loses to Chechnya. 2. Chechnya is resource rich, has many deposits of petroleum. Political stability is key to economic prosperity and investment by foreign petroleum companies. What's the main problem in the Caucasus region? Verified answer. psychology. Parkinson's disease is specifically associated with low levels of the neurotransmitter _______________. Verified answer. marketing. U.S. television inspires knockoffs around the world. But to be fair, many U.S. viewers don't realize that U.S. reality show hits such as Big Brother and American Idol started out as ...A form of multi-ethnic state, that contains two ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities. Centripetal Force. An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state. (Example: Nationalism) "directed toward the center".Verified answer. accounting. Project 1 requires an original investment of $125,000. The project will yield cash flows of$50,000 per year for 10 years. Project 2 has a calculated net present value of $135,000 over an eight-year life. Project 1 could be sold at the end of eight years for a price of$8,000. (A) Determine the net present value of ... A1. Fall of, end, or breakup of the Soviet Union A2. Fall of or end of communism in Europe *Do not accept fall of or end of communism in the world or globally. A3. End of the Cold War A4. Fall of the Berlin Wall or Iron Curtain; reunification of Germany A5. Fall of, end of, or breakup of Yugoslavia A6. Break-up of Czechoslovakia A7.Step 2: Understand the Exam Format. Another important thing to keep in mind is getting familiar with the structure of the AP® Human Geography exam. In case you do not know the AP® Human Geography format, this study guide breaks it down. The AP® Human Geography exam is broken down into two major parts.Anthropographic boundaries. geographic boundaries created by human features distributed across land, like language or religion. Geometric boundaries. straight lines that serve as political boundaries. Defining boundaries (step 1) A legal document (like a treaty) where specific boundaries points are described. What is regionalism AP Human Geography? Self – determination . the ability of a government to determine their own course of their own free will. Sovereignty. government free from external control.AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY Scoring Guidelines Question 1: No stimulus In most countries, the concept of the state as a political unit is subject to the tensions between centrifugal and centripetal forces. Governments are often challenged by the devolutionary factors that challenge state sovereignty. (A) Define the concept of the multinational state. May 11, 2023 · Self-Determination Examples. Autonomy – Ryan and Deci argue that autonomy is a key feature of self-determination. It means that you can make decisions without the permission of others. Connectedness – Self-determined people may be able to make their own decisions, but they also have communities and support networks that can enable them to ... Explanation: . A cultural boundary is the geographical term for the border between two different ethnic, linguistic, and religious groups. While these often fall along territorial, topographical, or national boundaries, they can be almost anywhere, and cultural boundaries are more likely to be shaped by historical forces rather than strictly geographical ones.Verified answer. economics. A real-world problem faced by policymakers, forecasters, and businesses every day is how to judge the state of the economy. Consider the table below, showing hypothetical measures of real GDP in the coming years, starting at a level of \$ 18.0 $18.0 trillion in 2018 2018 . Year. Dec 14, 2020 · Need help reviewing for AP HUG?! Check out the AP Human Geography Ultimate Review Packet! A Packet made by Mr. Sinn to help you succeed not only on the AP Te... self-determination • irredentism • terrorism 1a. Full separation from Spain resulting to communicate in their own language (Catalan, Galician, or Basque) in schools, business, or government : 1b. Region’s peoples would have own identity, political system, national heritage (e.g., cultural history, holidays, festivals, traditions) 1c.A1. Describe one or more of the following: finance, insurance, real estate, retailing, wholesaling, communications, transportation, administrative, management, health care, media, education, governance, tourism and leisure, food and hospitality, accounting, legal, technology, architecture, or engineering A2.Mar 1, 2022 · Step 2: Understand the Exam Format. Another important thing to keep in mind is getting familiar with the structure of the AP® Human Geography exam. In case you do not know the AP® Human Geography format, this study guide breaks it down. The AP® Human Geography exam is broken down into two major parts. A. ethnonationalism. Answer: Ethnonationalism is when the people of a country identify as having one common ethnicity, language, and religion, which creates a sense of pride and ties them to the territory. It often unites against a common enemy. Therefore, it is a centripetal force, not a centrifugal force.For AP Human Geography. Term. Definition. Ethnicity. A group who share a common identity. Was used as an alternative to term for race. It not just physical characteristics, it also about the person's social and cultural identity. Often illustrated through music, art, or religious traditions. Ethnic Provinces. You’ll explore the patterns associated with human populations. Topics may include: Population density and how it affects society and the environment. Theories of population growth and decline. Population and immigration policies and their effects. The causes and effects of migration. On The Exam. 12%–17% of multiple-choice score. This AP® Human Geography study guide will explore those forces that divide (centrifugal) or unify (centripetal) a country. We will define centrifugal and centripetal forces and how they can originate in political, economic or cultural dimensions. We will also discuss why these two forces are vital to the survival of the state.The ways in which cultural groups make decisions, settle conflicts, and govern themselves. Territory. An area which is under the control of another state or government and does not have sovereignty. State. A country or an organized political organization and has sovereignty. Sovereignty. Supreme power or authority. The right of a people to self-determination [1] is a cardinal principle in modern international law (commonly regarded as a jus cogens rule), binding, as such, on the United Nations as authoritative interpretation of the Charter 's norms. [2] [3] It states that peoples, based on respect for the principle of equal rights and fair equality of ...Devolution is the transfer of power from a central government to a lower level of government, such as a regional or local government. Devolution is often used as a way to decentralize decision-making and to give more autonomy to lower levels of government. Devolution can take many forms, and the specific powers and responsibilities that are ...The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 April 1949. Au. The African Union (AU) is a union consisting of 54 African states. The only African state that is not a member is Morocco. Dec 5, 2022 · More from Mr. SinnUltimate Review Packets:AP Human Geography: https://bit.ly/3JNaRqMAP Psychology: https://bit.ly/3vs9s43APHG Teacher Resources: https://bit.... Definition:the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation. Example: United States. Geopolitics. Definition:the study of the effects of economic geography on the powers of the state. Example: border conflicts. Regionalism. Definition:loyalty to the interests of a particular region. Colonialism is when a more powerful country attempts to assert its power and influence over a weaker country. Self-determination is the process by which a country determines its own statehood and forms its own allegiances and governments. Sovereignty is the authority of a state to govern itself.AP Human Geography 2001 Free-Response Questions These materials were produced by Educational Testing Service (ETS), which develops and administers the examinations of the Advanced Placement Program for the College Board. The College Board and Educational Testing Service (ETS) are dedicated to the principle of equal opportunity, and theirVerified answer. economics. A real-world problem faced by policymakers, forecasters, and businesses every day is how to judge the state of the economy. Consider the table below, showing hypothetical measures of real GDP in the coming years, starting at a level of \$ 18.0 $18.0 trillion in 2018 2018 . Year.self-determination • irredentism • terrorism 1a. Full separation from Spain resulting to communicate in their own language (Catalan, Galician, or Basque) in schools, business, or government : 1b. Region’s peoples would have own identity, political system, national heritage (e.g., cultural history, holidays, festivals, traditions) 1c.One-year sales volume of four similar 20-oz. beverages on a college campus is shown. (a) Make a bar chart and describe it. (b) Assuming a uniform distribution on each begerage type, calculate expected frequencies for each class. (c) Perform the chi-square test for a uniform distribution.Definition:the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation. Example: United States. Geopolitics. Definition:the study of the effects of economic geography on the powers of the state. Example: border conflicts. Regionalism. Definition:loyalty to the interests of a particular region.Verified answer. business math. Find the base. 4 \% 4% of \underline {\qquad} is 11.2 11.2. Verified answer. business math. Arami's car left three skid marks on the road after she slammed her foot on the brake pedal to make an emergency stop. The police measured them to be 45 feet, 40 feet, and 44 feet.2019 G GUIDELINES Question 3 6 points: 1 + 3 + 2 A. Define devolution. (1 point) A1. The breakup of a state A2. The movement of power from a central government to regional governments (or subnational governments) within the state A3. A4. -identified community within it to accommodate separatist pressures A5. Step 2: Understand the Exam Format. Another important thing to keep in mind is getting familiar with the structure of the AP® Human Geography exam. In case you do not know the AP® Human Geography format, this study guide breaks it down. The AP® Human Geography exam is broken down into two major parts.The study of the effects of geography on politics and relations among states/countries. Territoriality. A willingness by one person or a group of people to defend space they claim. People express their territoriality when they influence others or shape events by asserting control over a space. semi-autonomous Region. In principle, Americans and American foreign policy support the right to self-determination, which is essentially the right of a group of people to control the political system of the territory in which they live. Indeed, the United States itself was born of a rebellion by separatists living in a marginalized, peripheral region of the British ...Anthropographic boundaries. geographic boundaries created by human features distributed across land, like language or religion. Geometric boundaries. straight lines that serve as political boundaries. Defining boundaries (step 1) A legal document (like a treaty) where specific boundaries points are described. Explanation (1 point) 7 Points: 1 + 2 + (2 + 2) Identify the predominant ranges of the infant mortality rate found in South Asia and western Europe. Must identify both for 1 point. South Asia: 30–59 and western Europe: 2–14 Describe TWO economic reasons for the level of the infant mortality rates in western Europe.AP Human Geography Unit 4 Vocabulary. 5.0 (11 reviews) Political map. Click the card to flip 👆. A map demonstrating all man made borders between countries, states, cities, or any areas that are divided by some form of border. Example: A map depicting the border that is drawn between the Untied States, Mexico, and Canada would be an example ...Terms in this set (41) An alliance of two or more countries seeking cooperation with each other without giving up either's autonomy or self determination. A state that is completely surrounded by the land of other states, which gives it a disadvantage in terms of accessibility to and from international trade routes.

What is regionalism AP Human Geography? Self – determination . the ability of a government to determine their own course of their own free will. Sovereignty. government free from external control.. Fda alzheimer

self determination ap human geography

Fifty independent countries existed in 1920. Today, there are nearly two hundred. One of the motivating forces behind this wave of country-creation was self-determination —the concept that nations (groups of people united by ethnicity, language, geography, history, or other common characteristics) should be able to determine their political ...Domino theory. The idea that political destabilization in one country can lead to collapse of political stability in neighboring countries, starting a chain reaction of collapse. East/west divide. Geographic separation between the largely democratic and free-market countries of Western Europe and the Americas from the communist and socialist ...Dec 14, 2020 · Need help reviewing for AP HUG?! Check out the AP Human Geography Ultimate Review Packet! A Packet made by Mr. Sinn to help you succeed not only on the AP Te... Explanation (1 point) 7 Points: 1 + 2 + (2 + 2) Identify the predominant ranges of the infant mortality rate found in South Asia and western Europe. Must identify both for 1 point. South Asia: 30–59 and western Europe: 2–14 Describe TWO economic reasons for the level of the infant mortality rates in western Europe.self-determination. A principle of international law that states that peoples, based on respect for the principle of equal rights and fair equality of opportunity, have the right to freely choose their sovereignty and international political status with no interference. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. A peace treaty signed on March 3, 1918, between ... You’ll explore the patterns associated with human populations. Topics may include: Population density and how it affects society and the environment. Theories of population growth and decline. Population and immigration policies and their effects. The causes and effects of migration. On The Exam. 12%–17% of multiple-choice score. AP Human Geography Help » Political Organization of Space » Challenges to Political-Territorial Arrangements » Supranationalism & International Alliances Example Question #243 : Ap Human GeographyThe ways in which cultural groups make decisions, settle conflicts, and govern themselves. Territory. An area which is under the control of another state or government and does not have sovereignty. State. A country or an organized political organization and has sovereignty. Sovereignty. Supreme power or authority.A. ethnonationalism. Answer: Ethnonationalism is when the people of a country identify as having one common ethnicity, language, and religion, which creates a sense of pride and ties them to the territory. It often unites against a common enemy. Therefore, it is a centripetal force, not a centrifugal force.Essentially, it refers to a people without a state. There are plenty of stateless nations in the world today. The Kurds are one of the largest stateless nations, with over 20 million people dispersed throughout six countries: Syria, Iraq, Turkey, Iran, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. Others include Palestinians, Basques, and Roma.a term associated with the work of Sacks and Andes that describes the efforts of human societies to influence events and achieve social goals by exerting, and attempting to enforce, control over specific geographical areas. landlocked. an interior country or state that is surrounded by land. micro-state.Dependency Theory. States that LDCs tend to have a higher dependency ratio, the ratio of the number of people under 15 or over 64 to the number in the labor force. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) The value of the total number of goods and services produced in a country in a given time period (normally one year). Gross National Product (GNP)The study of the effects of geography on politics and relations among states/countries. Territoriality. A willingness by one person or a group of people to defend space they claim. People express their territoriality when they influence others or shape events by asserting control over a space. semi-autonomous Region. .

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